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Inammissibilità del riconoscimento del “terzo genere” e Incostituzionalità dell’autorizzazione del tribunale per i trattamenti medico-chirurgici

Con la storica sentenza n. 143 del 2024 la CORTE COSTITUZIONALE italiana ha:

1) dichiarato l’illegittimità costituzionale dell’art. 31, comma 4, del decreto legislativo 1° settembre 2011, n. 150 (Disposizioni complementari al codice di procedura civile in materia di riduzione e semplificazione dei procedimenti civili di cognizione, ai sensi dell’articolo 54 della legge 18 giugno 2009, n. 69), nella parte in cui prescrive l’autorizzazione del tribunale al trattamento medico-chirurgico anche qualora le modificazioni dei caratteri sessuali già intervenute siano ritenute dallo stesso tribunale sufficienti per l’accoglimento della domanda di rettificazione di attribuzione di sesso;

2) dichiarato inammissibili le questioni di legittimità costituzionale dell’art. 1 della legge 14 aprile 1982, n. 164 (Norme in materia di rettificazione di attribuzione di sesso), sollevate, in riferimento agli artt. 2, 3, 32 e 117, primo comma, della Costituzione, quest’ultimo in relazione all’art. 8 della Convenzione europea dei diritti dell’uomo, dal Tribunale ordinario di Bolzano, sezione seconda civile, in composizione collegiale, con la ordinanza di remissione.

Cosa significa? Che conseguenze ci sono?

La sentenza n. 143 del 2024 della Corte Costituzionale italiana ha affrontato due questioni principali sollevate dal Tribunale di Bolzano riguardanti la rettificazione di sesso e il riconoscimento di identità di genere non binarie.

1. Inammissibilità del riconoscimento del “terzo genere”:

La Corte ha dichiarato inammissibile la questione relativa alla mancata previsione di un genere “altro” oltre a quello maschile e femminile.

La Corte ha argomentato che l’introduzione di un terzo genere avrebbe un impatto sistemico e richiederebbe un intervento legislativo complessivo.

La Corte ha sottolineato che la questione deve essere affrontata dal legislatore, evidenziando comunque la crescente sensibilità verso le identità non binarie e la necessità di un dibattito pubblico e legislativo su questo tema.

2. Incostituzionalità dell’autorizzazione del tribunale per i trattamenti medico-chirurgici:

La Corte ha dichiarato l’illegittimità costituzionale della norma che richiedeva l’autorizzazione del tribunale per i trattamenti medico-chirurgici di adeguamento dei caratteri sessuali.

Ha ritenuto che questa prescrizione fosse irragionevole, in quanto l’evoluzione giurisprudenziale ha escluso la necessità di un intervento chirurgico come condizione per la rettificazione anagrafica.

La sentenza semplifica significativamente l’accesso ai trattamenti, eliminando l’obbligo dell’autorizzazione giudiziale, riducendo così tempi e costi per i richiedenti e alleggerendo il carico di lavoro dei tribunali.

In sintesi, la sentenza 143/2024 della Corte Costituzionale rappresenta un passo avanti nella semplificazione delle procedure per la rettificazione di sesso, ma solleva ancora la necessità di un intervento legislativo per il riconoscimento delle identità non binarie.

Se hai necessità di un avvocato esperto della materia, contatta l’avvocato Fabiola De Stefano, tra i legali più noti in Italia sul tema.

The Italian Criminal Procedure System in Four Sentences

The Italian Criminal Procedure System in Four Sentences

by Danilo Iacobacci – founding partner of the law firm De Stefano & Iacobacci Avvocati

  • The Italian criminal procedure system is a judicial proceeding that takes place before a judge, with the participation of the public prosecutor, the defendant, and (sometimes) the civil party.
  • The purpose of the criminal procedure is to determine the responsibility of the defendant in relation to a crime and to impose a penalty in case of conviction.
  • The Italian criminal procedure system is divided into three phases:
    • The preliminary investigation phase, which begins with the crime report and ends with the defendant’s indictment.
    • The trial phase, which begins with the trial and ends with the first-instance judgment.
    • The appeal phase, which begins with the appeal and ends with the Supreme Court judgment.
  • The person under criminal proceedings has a number of rights, which are guaranteed by the Constitution, the Criminal Procedure Code, and the European Convention on Human Rights.

Here is a more detailed explanation of each phase of the Italian criminal procedure system:

  • Preliminary Investigation Phase:
    • The preliminary investigation phase begins with the crime report, which can be filed by anyone who has knowledge of a crime.
    • The police or carabinieri initiate the investigation, which has the purpose of gathering evidence in relation to the crime.
    • At the end of the preliminary investigation, the public prosecutor may request the judge to archive the proceedings, to indict the defendant, or to apply a precautionary measure.
  • Trial Phase:
    • The trial phase begins with the trial, which takes place before a single judge or a panel of judges, or before the Justice of the Peace.
    • In the trial, the parties present their evidence and their arguments.
    • At the end of the trial, the judge pronounces the judgment, which may be acquittal or conviction.
  • Appeal Phase:
    • The first-instance judgment may be appealed to the Court of Appeal or to the Supreme Court.
    • The appeal is filed with the Court of Appeal.
    • The appeal is filed with the Supreme Court.
    • The appeal and the Supreme Court have the purpose of verifying the correctness of the first-instance judgment.

It is important to know the phases of the criminal procedure, the rights of the person under criminal proceedings, and the methods of appealing criminal judgments.

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Keywords:

  • Crime: a behavior that violates the penal laws of a State.
  • Accusation: the allegation of having committed a crime.
  • Investigation: the activities carried out by the authorities to gather evidence in relation to a crime.
  • Trial: the phase of the criminal procedure in which the parties present their evidence and their arguments.
  • Judgment: the decision of the judge in a criminal proceeding.
  • Appeal: the appeal filed against a criminal judgment.

law firm in Italy | English language

De Stefano & Iacobacci Avvocati is a law firm located in the heart of Avellino, Italy, in the Campania region. Founded by lawyers Danilo Iacobacci and Fabiola De Stefano, the firm has been providing specialized legal assistance in various areas of Italian law for many years.

The law firm is geographically strategic, as it is close to Naples, Salerno, and Rome. The proximity to Salerno and Naples allows the firm to handle cases in the Civil and Criminal Appellate Courts in those cities, as well as in the Administrative Courts of Appeal in Salerno and Naples. The proximity to Rome allows the firm to easily handle cases before the Court of Cassation and the Council of State.

De Stefano & Iacobacci Avvocati, with its team of lawyers, handles criminal law, civil law, administrative law, labor law, and tax law. Among the firm’s specializations are family law matters, including minors, separations, and divorces. The law firm is one of the most well-known Italian law firms in criminal law and is very well-known as a civil law firm. The firm also handles administrative law, tax law, and labor law with particular attention to military law, agrarian law, and procedures in general aimed at protecting violated rights.

Legal assistance is provided not only before the Court of Avellino, but also before all Italian jurisdictions, including the Court of Cassation and the Superior Courts.

De Stefano & Iacobacci Avvocati is also one of the most well-known law firms in Italy for its extensive experience in drafting appeals to the European Court of Human Rights. The firm is also one of the most well-known law firms in Italy for its experience in matters of gender change and name change. Among the specialties in which the law firm De Stefano & Iacobacci excels is its ability to obtain compensation for damages to the families of victims killed in a road accident. Among the founding partners of the law firm is Danilo Iacobacci, who is one of the most well-known Italian lawyers for filing appeals to the European Court of Human Rights.

De Stefano & Iacobacci Avvocati is the most well-known Italian law firm used by foreign law firms and foreign lawyers to interact with Italian judicial authorities, and is one of the most well-known law firms in connecting foreign residents with processes to be carried out in Italy and Italian legal issues in Italy and abroad.

To communicate with De Stefano & Iacobacci in Italian, you can use all the contacts; to communicate in a foreign language, you can only do so in writing.

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